— Interpretation-clause (Proposal, Acceptance, Agreement & Contract)ব্যাখ্যামূলক ধারা (প্রস্তাব, গ্রহণ, সম্মতি ও চুক্তি)
Official Statutory Provision
When one person signifies to another his willingness to do or to abstain from doing anything, with a view to obtaining the assent of that other to such act or abstinence, he is said to make a proposal. An agreement enforceable by law is a contract.
বাংলা পাঠ্য (Certified Bengali Text)
আইন দ্বারা বলবৎযোগ্য সম্মতিই হলো একটি চুক্তি।
Plain Language Meaning & AnalysisLays down the basic definitions: an offer accepted becomes a promise; promises forming mutual consideration become an agreement; and any agreement enforceable by law is a contract.
Prescribed Punishment / Statutory RemedyEnforceability of legal promises in courts of civil judicature.
— What agreements are contractsকোন চুক্তিগুলো বৈধ বলে গণ্য হবে
Official Statutory Provision
All agreements are contracts if they are made by the free consent of parties competent to contract, for a lawful consideration and with a lawful object, and are not hereby expressly declared to be void.
বাংলা পাঠ্য (Certified Bengali Text)
চুক্তি সম্পাদনে যোগ্য পক্ষগণের স্বাধীন সম্মতি, আইনানুগ প্রতিদান ও উদ্দেশ্যের ভিত্তিতে সম্পাদিত সম্মতিই বৈধ চুক্তি।
Plain Language Meaning & AnalysisA contract is valid only if all parties agree freely without coercion, fraud, or undue influence, have legal capacity, and the agreement is for a legal purpose.
Prescribed Punishment / Statutory RemedyCivil recognition and binding judicial enforceability.
— Who are competent to contractচুক্তি সম্পাদনে কারা যোগ্য
Official Statutory Provision
Every person is competent to contract who is of the age of majority according to the law to which he is subject, and who is of sound mind, and is not disqualified from contracting by any law to which he is subject.
বাংলা পাঠ্য (Certified Bengali Text)
প্রাপ্তবয়স্ক, সুস্থ মস্তিষ্কের অধিকারী এবং আইনত অযোগ্য নন এমন যেকোনো ব্যক্তি চুক্তি করতে পারেন।
Plain Language Meaning & AnalysisMinors (under 18) and persons of unsound mind cannot enter into legally binding contracts; agreements with minors are void ab initio (void from the beginning).
Prescribed Punishment / Statutory RemedyAgreements by incompetent persons are void and unenforceable.
— What considerations and objects are lawful, and what notআইনসঙ্গত ও বেআইনি প্রতিদান ও উদ্দেশ্য
Official Statutory Provision
The consideration or object of an agreement is lawful, unless it is forbidden by law, or is of such a nature that, if permitted, it would defeat the provisions of any law, or is fraudulent, or involves injury to the person or property of another, or the Court regards it as immoral, or opposed to public policy.
বাংলা পাঠ্য (Certified Bengali Text)
আইনবিরুদ্ধ, প্রতারণামূলক বা জনস্বার্থবিরোধী যেকোনো চুক্তির উদ্দেশ্য বা প্রতিদান বেআইনি ও বাতিল।
Plain Language Meaning & AnalysisYou cannot enforce contracts for illegal deals, smuggling, bribery, or activities contrary to public morality.
Prescribed Punishment / Statutory RemedyContract is declared void and of no legal effect.
— Compensation for loss or damage caused by breach of contractচুক্তিভঙ্গের কারণে ক্ষতি বা লোকসানের ক্ষতিপূরণ
Official Statutory Provision
When a contract has been broken, the party who suffers by such breach is entitled to receive, from the party who has broken the contract, compensation for any loss or damage caused to him thereby, which naturally arose in the usual course of things from such breach, or which the parties knew, when they made the contract, to be likely to result from the breach of it.
বাংলা পাঠ্য (Certified Bengali Text)
চুক্তি ভঙ্গের কারণে ক্ষতিগ্রস্ত পক্ষ স্বাভাবিক প্রক্রিয়ায় সৃষ্ট ক্ষতির জন্য ক্ষতিপূরণ পাওয়ার অধিকারী।
Plain Language Meaning & AnalysisIf someone breaks a business deal, they must pay money to put the injured party in the financial position they would have been in if the contract had been performed.
Prescribed Punishment / Statutory RemedyCivil court money decree awarding compensatory damages.
— Compensation for breach of contract where penalty stipulated forচুক্তিতে নির্ধারিত জরিমানার ক্ষেত্রে ক্ষতিপূরণ
Official Statutory Provision
When a contract has been broken, if a sum is named in the contract as the amount to be paid in case of such breach, or if the contract contains any other stipulation by way of penalty, the party complaining of the breach is entitled, whether or not actual damage or loss is proved to have been caused thereby, to receive from the party who has broken the contract reasonable compensation not exceeding the amount so named.
বাংলা পাঠ্য (Certified Bengali Text)
চুক্তিতে উল্লিখিত জরিমানার অঙ্ক অতিক্রম না করে আদালত যুক্তিসঙ্গত ক্ষতিপূরণ মঞ্জুর করতে পারে।
Plain Language Meaning & AnalysisEven if a contract specifies a huge penalty for default, courts will only award reasonable compensation up to that stated cap.
Prescribed Punishment / Statutory RemedyReasonable judicial compensation up to the stipulated penalty cap.
— "Contract of indemnity" definedক্ষতিপূরণের চুক্তির (ইন্ডেমনিটি) সংজ্ঞা
Official Statutory Provision
A contract by which one party promises to save the other from loss caused to him by the conduct of the promisor himself, or by the conduct of any other person, is called a contract of indemnity.
বাংলা পাঠ্য (Certified Bengali Text)
এক পক্ষ অপর পক্ষকে কোনো ক্ষতির হাত থেকে রক্ষা করার যে প্রতিশ্রুতি দেয় তাকে ক্ষতিপূরণ বা ইন্ডেমনিটি চুক্তি বলে।
Plain Language Meaning & AnalysisAn indemnity clause promises to protect and reimburse someone against losses or liabilities caused by the promisor or third parties.
Prescribed Punishment / Statutory RemedyReimbursement of all damages, court costs, and compromise sums.